In accordance with WS-Human Task architecture, Oracle BPM separates handling
details of human task activities such as managing deadlines, access, and presentation
to a separate service engine.
In addition to achieving the right separation of concerns,this architecture also means that same human task components may be used by BPMN 2.0, BPEL, or stand-alone (for example, when the use case is an approval workflow). The following figure shows the workflow architecture:
Human Workflow Service ( HWF ) may be invoked by a BPMN (or BPEL) process; once the task is completed, HWF notifies the invoking process through call-back.
The call-back mechanism may also be configured to notify the invoking process or the Java handler about finer grained state changes of the task.
Human tasks may be exposed as a service from the composite and invoked directly.
As human tasks in Oracle BPM can be complex multi-step tasks, this allows for applications that need to manage approvals to use human tasks without a surrounding process.
HWF is tightly integrated with business rules and can invoke business rules to determine both assignment and routing. This is more powerful than invoking business rules in the process and then using the outcome within the task because when rules are used directly from human tasks, they are invoked each time an assignment or routing decision needs to be made or when different participants act on their tasks.
The workflow service engine exposes a rich set of APIs for accessing and interacting with the tasks. These APIs are abstracted and wrapped in an Oracle Application Development Framework ( ADF ) Data Control ( ADF DC ).
The ADF DC allows drag-and-drop binding of user interface elements to human task data within the ADF designer (in BPM Studio). The ADF DC is also exposed through ADF Desktop Integration for creating Excel interfaces in a zero-code fashion. Customers who need user interface technologies other than ADF or Excel use the underlying APIs, which
are available both in Java and as web services.
HWF integrates with Oracle Unified Messaging Service ( UMS ) to deliver notifications through a variety of channels and based on a user’s personal preferences. HWF also supports actionable e-mail messages that are able to handle task actions through in-bound e-mail
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